1. General lab safety

● Wear lab coats and rubber gloves

● No eating and drinking in the lab

● Dispose of the waste in a biohazard bin

● Spray 75% alcohol frequently on hands

● Experiments involving bacteria are done on a clean bench

2. Specific experimental safety

Usage of pipette

● Do not touch the tip directly with your hands

● Dispose of the tip in the biohazard bin after using for once

Usage of clean bench

● Turn on the UV light before using

● Always spray 75% alcohol on hands and tools that will be taken onto the bench

● Keep a lighted alcohol burner on the bench to sterilize and form air convection

● Put the mouth of the container near the fire seat to sterilize after opening it and before sealing it

Usage of specific materials

● Spray 75% alcohol immediately after touching the agarose gel that contains GelRed

● Use Coomassie brilliant blue dye in the fume hood

Usage of centrifuge machine

● Make sure the tubes are equal in mass and place them in a rotational symmetry pattern

● Always tighten the lid securely to prevent the tubes from being thrown out

3. Microorganism safety, gene safety, and ethical issues

The microorganisms that we use are E. coli BL21 and E. coli DH5α, which are non-pathogenic types. We use genes including GII.4 vp1, GII.17 vp1, and pGEX-4T-1(plasmid vector) that are not from any animals or humans. The virus genes are prefabricated by an authenticated factory so there is no hazard from the virus.