Future Plans

Introduction

This page is dedicated to elucidating our exceptionally vital future plans and initiatives, emphasizing our unwavering commitment to continuous improvement and innovation in our project. It's crucial to note that these important matters, despite their significance, have been constrained to the conceptual stage due to the time limitations of iGEM.

Methods of the drug’s administration

Two distinct methods for the administration of our medication were determined following consultations with Professor Boaz Mizrahi, Professor Ahinoam Lev Sagi, and Dr. Michael Cohen, Director of the Department of Urology at Beit HaEmek Hospital.

The first method is oral administration, such as in the form of pills. This method is widely recognized and considered less invasive to patients. However, it might necessitate a higher dosage of the active substance due to potential losses along its path to the intended site [1].

The second method that was recommended by Dr. Cohen, is a vaginal suppository. This approach could enhance the medication's efficacy by taking a shorter route within the vaginal area, precisely targeting the specific area of concern [2].
This focused approach avoids subjecting the entire body to genetically modified organisms (GMOs), which can address potential safety concerns.

Ecological component

The uncontrolled release of GMOs into the ecosystem or sewer poses significant risks. GMOs, if allowed to proliferate unchecked, can potentially disrupt the balance of microbial communities in natural environments. This disruption can have cascading effects on the ecosystem, affecting the health of plants, animals, and even humans who rely on those ecosystems [3].

Furthermore, the spread of GMOs can lead to unintended genetic interactions. These interactions may result in the transfer of modified genes to other microorganisms, potentially creating new and unpredictable genetic hybrids. Such alterations can have unpredictable consequences on the function of the ecosystem and may introduce traits that are harmful to native species and potentially other organisms higher up the food chain [3].

The introduction of a killswitch system that is specifically designed for release in the sewer and environment could address the concerns related to the release of GMOs. This system would provide us with a means to swiftly terminate the bacterium in case of an outbreak. By doing so, we can proactively prevent the unintended spread of GMOs into the environment, thus safeguarding the delicate ecological balance while maintaining control over the situation. This precautionary measure is essential to ensure responsible and safe utilization of GMOs in our efforts.

Diagnostic component

We envisioned a system that can detect a high concentration of UPEC in an iron-rich environment and thus diagnose a UTI quickly and effectively. The presence of this pathogen would then trigger the secretion of a dye molecule that turns the urine blue. This system aims to alert the patient to the potential recurrence of the infection, signifying the return of the disease-causing agent.

The significance of this approach lies in its ability to empower the patient to take proactive steps upon detecting the return of infection, specifically when UPEC is the suspected culprit. In such cases, the patient can expedite their response, reducing the waiting time typically required for a culture test, which can take up to a week, by promptly initiating antibiotic treatment tailored to combat UPEC. This approach not only shortens the time until the commencement of therapy but also minimizes the risk of administering inappropriate antibiotics initially and then having to switch medications based on the culture test results. Ultimately, this strategy helps in preserving antibiotic effectiveness and mitigating the development of antibiotic resistance.

Furthermore, early detection facilitates a shorter duration of antibiotic use and lowers the necessary dosage, thereby contributing to more responsible and effective antibiotic management.

Improving the adhesion

We planned on enhancing Lactobacillus Crispatus' innate adhesive properties when it interacts with the epithelial cells found in the urinary tract. This improved adhesion aims to extend the duration of L. Crispatus' presence within the urinary tract. By doing so, we can increase the likelihood that L. Crispatus successfully establishes itself within the system.

One key advantage of this prolonged presence is its impact on reducing the binding of UPEC to these epithelial cells. The mechanism behind this reduction lies in the physical competition created by L. Crispatus. When L. Crispatus is firmly attached to the cell surface, it effectively occupies space and receptors on the cell membrane. As a result, there is limited space for UPEC to bind to these same cells. This reduction in binding opportunities makes it more challenging for UPEC to invade the epithelial cells and colonize the urinary tract.

In essence, by improving L. Crispatus' adhesion to epithelial cells and increasing its presence in the urinary system, we are creating a protective barrier that physically hinders UPEC from binding and infecting these cells. This strategy holds significant promise in reducing the risk of urinary tract infections caused by UPEC and improving overall urinary system health.