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Safety

Safety first!

Overview
Laboratory safety
Safety courses
Safety guidelines
Hygiene Measures
Containment
Equipment
Human Practices

Overview

Personal protective equipment

Risk group containment

Good laboratory practices

Biosafety levels

In the ongoing project, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are employed to produce endolysins as an alternative to antibiotics, offering a novel approach to combat diseases and tackle antibiotic resistance. Within the laboratory context, maintaining safety protocols is of utmost importance. The laboratory infrastructure is designed to minimize potential risks associated with working with genetically modified organisms and to prevent potential release into the environment. By prioritizing robust safety measures, the research team aims to safeguard laboratory personnel and the broader community.

Laboratory Safety

The experimental phase of the project was conducted in the laboratories on the second floor of the Engineering building at the Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Chihuahua (H. Colegio Militar Avenue 4700, Nombre de Dios, 31150 Chihuahua, Chih.). These laboratories are biosafety level 2 and are exclusively accessible to students who have completed the laboratory safety course offered by the institution.

During the experimental phase of the project, we were continuously assisted by either the laboratory technicians (M.S. Carolina Apodaca, & M.S. Ivonne Hernández) or our instructors (Ph.D. González Trevizo, & Ph.D. López), all of whom possess several years of experience in their respective fields. They have previously supervised and supported other iGEM Tec-Chihuahua teams in past years. We also were assisted by our instructors Eng. Daniela Oloño, Eng. Carolina Gajón, and Eng. Alejandro Rojo. Importantly, no experiments were conducted without the supervision of the aforementioned individuals.

Safety courses

As part of the preparation before commencing the experimental work in the laboratory phase of the project, team members completed and obtained certification in several online courses offered by the Public Health Agency of Canada for Biosafety e-Learning.1

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Safety guidelines

Hover and scroll on the cards to see more information

Reagents

After use, laboratory reagents and materials were stored in the laboratory warehouse for proper inventory management and safe usage.

Personal Safety

Our personal protection techniques like tying back hair, wearing a face mask, nitrile gloves, a lab coat, long pants, and close-toed shoes, were a fundamental aspect of our work, guaranteeing everyone's safety and maintaining experimental integrity.

Personal items

Non-disposable items were stored in their designated location and remained within its space, avoiding potential risks to team members and the campus community. Personal items that could contaminate, like necklaces and earrings, were not worn. The correct use of PPE was strictly upheld throughout laboratory activities.

Emergency protocol

For our personal safety, our laboratories provided us specific guidelines to know how to act in case of an accident on the workplace. This diagram includes the phone numbers of campus authorities. Also, it is placed over a first-aid kit. Additionally, our team made sure safety came first by making sure all emergency exit doors were clear and easy to use. We're not just focused on doing experiments well; we also want to create a culture where we're always watching out for potential issues and ready to handle anything that comes up



Hygiene Measures

Hand safety

Consistent handwashing upon entry and exit and the use of 70% ethanol before and after wearing gloves ensured a clean and contamination-free environment. Additionally, we applied 70% ethanol to our hands before and after handling any laboratory samples, further enhancing our commitment to maintaining a sterile workspace. Furthermore, thanks to the Personal Protective Equipment course offered by the Public Health Agency of Canada, the team members responsible for the experimental phase of the project have adopted the correct procedure for removing nitrile gloves once their work in the laboratory is completed.

Sterile environment

Proactive sterilization of surfaces and equipment using 70% ethanol and burners upheld the laboratory's sanitary conditions. This dedicated commitment to hygiene protocols ensured the credibility and integrity of our experimental outcomes


Containment


Waste

Laboratory waste generally falls into four categories, each with its own disposal method. Proper disposal is crucial to prevent contamination and accidents. Solid biological waste goes into a yellow bag, while non-solid biological waste is placed in a sealed yellow bottle. Sharp objects and used electrophoresis gels are disposed of in a red plastic bottle. Any materials in contact with bacteria or other infectious agents are put into a red bag. Given our project involving bacteria, we mainly used red containers like bags and bottles for disposal.

Neutralization

Bacterial cultures and any associated debris were meticulously disposed of following the addition of sodium hypochlorite, a potent disinfectant, to neutralize any potential hazards. Also, they were properly disposed of in red bags. This conscientious approach prevented the risk of contamination and the unintentional spread of microorganisms beyond our controlled environment.


Equipment

Biosafety Cabinet

  • These maintain a sterile environment to prevent pollutants in our work. They avoid external agents contaminating the samples as well as being a containment barrier, keeping our sample from touching our surroundings. We disinfected the cabinet with 70% ethanol and UV light for 15 minutes before and after use. Also, all the objects and hands that entered the cabinet were sprayed with 70% ethanol before doing so.

Autoclave

  • Autoclaves work to achieve steam sterilization through high temperatures and pressures. This allowed us to work with microbial free tools. Our lab has three of them, mentioned below.
  • Tuttnauer 2340M
  • All american pressure steam sterilizer 25x 110v
  • Autoclave vertical AESA, CV3

Burners

  • With Bunsen burners we created a sterile halo when working on an open place. First, we disinfected the working area with 70% ethanol and we later placed two burners with a maximum gap of 20 cm, increasing the sterile working area.

Human Practices

AureoBos is highly committed to ethical responsibility, privacy, and the security of individuals involved in our human practices research. Our investigation was developed with respect and in alignment with data protection regulations in Mexico. We created a consent form based on the Federal Law on Protection of Personal Data Held by Private Parties, which governs and manages all the personal data collected and is established in the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States. The consent form underwent a review by our legal team and instructors and was subsequently approved.

Throughout every interview, our primary concern was to maintain the privacy and data confidentiality of the aspects that individuals preferred to keep private. We ensured that they felt protected. To achieve this, before each interview, we presented the consent form to inform them about the personal data being collected, the purpose of the investigation, and the privacy measures being followed, If they agreed the consent form was signed.


References

1. Public Health Department. (2018). Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity Courses. June 2019, de Government of Canada Sitio web: https://training-formation.phac-aspc.gc.ca/?lang=en

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