Project Description

Describe how and why you chose your iGEM project.

Revolutionizing Spinal Muscular Atrophy Treatment with Advanced Gene Therapy

Introduction:

CureSynth-SMA is a pioneering project that seeks to address the intricate challenges posed by Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), a genetic neuromuscular disorder characterized by the insufficient production of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein due to mutations in the SMN1 gene. This project introduces an innovative approach that combines self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) to deliver and enhance corrective genetic information, ultimately restoring SMN protein levels and transforming the lives of SMA patients.

Project Objective:

The primary goal of CureSynth-SMA is to revolutionize the treatment landscape of SMA by harnessing the power of saRNA and NLC technologies. This approach is engineered to address the root cause of SMA, thereby aiming to restore the production of the essential SMN protein. By enhancing gene delivery, expression, and stability, the project aspires to bring about substantial improvements in the quality of life for individuals living with SMA.

Methods and Strategy:

CureSynth-SMA's comprehensive strategy involves a series of meticulously crafted steps:

  1. SMA saRNA Plasmid Design: The foundation of this project lies in the creation of saRNA molecules with optimized self-amplification properties. These saRNA molecules are meticulously engineered to carry the corrective genetic information required for the synthesis of the SMN protein. By leveraging the inherent ability of saRNA to undergo self-amplification, the project aims to achieve sustained and enhanced protein production.
  2. NLC Formulation: Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) serve as the advanced delivery vehicles for the saRNA molecules. The formulation of these NLCs is a delicate process that ensures the efficient encapsulation of saRNA, providing stability and protection during transit. This encapsulation strategy is crucial for safeguarding the genetic material and enhancing its targeted delivery to cells in need.
  3. In vitro Cell Culture Studies: A pivotal phase of the project involves conducting meticulous cell culture experiments. These experiments will utilize either cells derived from SMA patients or relevant cell lines. The objective is to rigorously assess the efficiency of the saRNA-NLC approach in promoting gene expression and facilitating the production of SMN proteins within the target cells. This step serves as a vital precursor to any potential clinical application.
  4. Dosage Optimization: Achieving the optimal dosage size of saRNA-loaded NLCs is a meticulous process that involves a delicate balance. The team will systematically explore different dosage levels to ensure that the delivery of the corrective genetic information is not only effective but also safe. Considerations such as biodistribution, potential toxicity, and immune responses will guide the dosage optimization process, aiming for a therapeutic impact while minimizing potential risks.

Advantages and Impact:

CureSynth-SMA's innovative approach offers a host of distinct advantages that stand to transform the treatment paradigm for SMA:

  1. Enhanced Bioavailability: The strategic combination of saRNA and NLCs greatly improves the accessibility of corrective genetic information to target cells. This enhanced bioavailability directly contributes to a more efficient and sustained production of SMN proteins, a pivotal factor in mitigating the effects of SMA.
  2. Reduced Dosage Frequency: The potential for less frequent dosages is a notable advantage that can significantly enhance patient compliance and quality of life. With the sustained therapeutic effect achieved through the saRNA-NLC approach, individuals with SMA may experience relief from the burden of frequent treatments.
  3. Stability and Protection: NLC encapsulation serves as a protective shield for the saRNA molecules, shielding them from degradation and maintaining their integrity during the delivery process. This enhanced stability ensures that the corrective genetic information reaches its intended destination intact and ready for action.
  4. Minimized Toxicity: The targeted delivery facilitated by NLCs contributes to minimizing off-target effects and potential toxicity. By focusing the therapeutic impact on the cells in need, the risk of adverse reactions is significantly reduced, enhancing the safety profile of the treatment.

Conclusion:

CureSynth-SMA represents a paradigm shift in the realm of gene therapy, offering a promising avenue for individuals grappling with SMA. The seamless integration of saRNA and NLC technologies holds the potential to redefine the landscape of SMA treatment, offering accessible and effective solutions that can substantially improve the lives of those affected by this challenging disorder. As the iGEM team spearheading this transformative endeavor, CureSynth-SMA exemplifies the spirit of innovation and collaboration that drives scientific progress. Through this groundbreaking project, the team aspires to pave the way for a brighter future for SMA patients worldwide.